GENERAL CHAPTERS

1. Albania
Critical review of the butterfly research

2. The anatomy of a butterfly
Main features of the external and internal anatomy of butterflies in its different stages

3. Family traits
Papilionidae - Hesperiidae - Pieridae - Lycaenidae - Riodinidae - Nymphalidae
Swallowtails – Skippers – Whites and Yellows – Blues, Coppers, Hairstreaks – Metalmarks – Brush-footed butterflies

4. Species, subspecies, forms
Basic introduction to the taxonomy and nomenclature

5. The life cycle of a butterfly
Egg - caterpillar - pupa - adult

6. Food
Butterfly and caterpillar – specialists and grass eaters

7. Phenology
Basic introduction

8. Habitat characteristics
Description of the major habitats of Albania

9. Butterfly identification
Visual, (macro) photography, butterfly net, reference collection, genitalia, barcoding
Guidelines for the identification of all Albanian butterflies

10. Threats and Conservation
Factors that influence declines of butterflies and an introduction to Red Lists

Contact: Sylvain Cuvelier